重组因子VIIa可增加小儿心脏手术患者血栓性并发症

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Recombinant Factor VIIa Is Associated With Increased Thrombotic Complications in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients

背景与目的

重组因子VIIa(rFVIIa)常用作接受心脏手术的儿童患者的止血剂。尽管研究显示,rFVIIa与增加成人心脏手术血栓并发症的发生率有关,但rFVIIa作为儿科心脏手术患者急救止血剂的安全性并不明确。在这项回顾性研究中,我们使用倾向匹配得分来比较用rFVIIa治疗的儿童与其匹配对照之间的血栓并发症的发生率。

方  法

我们回顾了2011年5月1日至2013年10月31日在波士顿儿童医院进行先天性心脏手术的所有新生儿和儿童的医疗记录和药学数据,并确定了围手术期使用rFVIIa的患者。使用现有知识,我们选择了10项与心脏手术后出血相关的因素,用于我们的倾向评分:年龄,性别,体重,新生儿,早产儿,以往的胸骨切开术,体外循环时间,深低温循环停止时间,主动脉夹钳时间和手术外科医生。然后我们使用倾向匹配分析来匹配用rFVIIa治疗的儿童和2个对照。主要结果是血栓性并发症。次要结果包括再次开胸探查止血,心脏重症监护病房停留时间,住院时间和30天死亡率。

结  果

在研究期间,一百四十九名患者围手术期使用rFVIIa。倾向匹配产生143名rFVIIa患者,每名患者匹配2名对照患者(n = 286)。其中三例对照组患者在围手术期使用rFVIIa治疗,并从分析中移除,共有283例对照患者。rFVIIa的使用与增加血栓并发症的发生率相关(20%vs 8%;优势比[OR]:3.9 [95%置信区间(CI):2.6-5.9],P <0.001)。rFVIIa的使用用延长心脏重症监护病房停留时间(8天[四分位数范围{IQR}:4-24] vs 5天[IQR:2-10],P <0.001)和延长住院停留(20 [IQR:9-44] vs 11天[IQR:7-23],P <.001)。再次开胸探查止血(rFVII =对照组= 9%; OR = 1.7 [95%CI,0.92-3.1],P = 0.12)或30天死亡率(8%vs 6%; OR 1.3 [95%CI,0.60-2.89],P = .51)组间无差异。

Figure 1. Flow chart representing methods for propensity matching.*Three cases were removed from the control group during chart review. In these 3 cases, the pharmacy administrative database did not record the patients as receiving FVIIa, when they did receive the medications as reported in the individual patient medical record.

FVIIa indicates factor VIIa.

结  论

这项回顾性分析显示,接受心脏手术的新生儿和儿童围手术期给予rFVIIa与术后血栓并发症的发生率升高相关,30天死亡率未增加。总之,在儿科患者心脏手术中使用rFVIIa应极为谨慎。

原始文献摘要

Downey, Laura; Brown, Morgan L.; Faraoni, David; More,Recombinant Factor VIIa Is Associated With Increased Thrombotic Complications in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients.Anesthesia & Analgesia.124(5):1431-1436,2017.

BACKGROUND:Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is routinely used as an off-label hemostatic agent in children undergoing cardiac surgery. Despite evidence that rFVIIa use is associated with an increased incidence of thromboticcomplications in adult cardiac surgery, the safety of rFVIIa as a rescue hemostatic agent in the pediatric cardiacsurgical population is less definitively delineated. In this retrospective study, we used propensity score matching to compare the incidence of thrombotic complications between children treated with rFVIIa and their matched controls.

CONCLUSIONS:This retrospective analysis confirmed that perioperative administration of rFVIIa is associated with an increased incidence of postoperative thrombotic complications in neonates and children undergoing cardiac surgery, without increase in 30-day mortality. In conclusion,rFVIIa should be used with extreme caution in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

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